Durante el programa “El Candidato” (Mega), la abanderada presidencial de Chile Vamos, Amarillos y Demócratas, Evelyn Matthei, se refirió al derecho a la educación de los menores de edad en situación migratoria irregular y afirmó:
“En materia de salas cunas, tienen preferencia (los extranjeros). Las preferencias las deben tener los chilenos”
Evelyn Matthei, candidata presidencial.
¿Qué dice la normativa vigente?
De acuerdo con el Oficio N°015 que la Junta Nacional de Jardines Infantiles (JUNJI) remitió a la Cámara de Diputadas y Diputados en 2022 –sobre el procedimiento de asignación de cupos y el modelo de priorización de párvulos– existe un sistema de cinco niveles de prioridad para la asignación de cupos en salas cuna y jardines infantiles, donde la Prioridad N°1 corresponde a situaciones de mayor vulnerabilidad social y económica, y la N°5 a la de menor vulnerabilidad.
Dentro de la Prioridad N°1 se consideran, entre otros, los siguientes criterios (todos con el mismo peso dentro de este nivel):
- Niña/o perteneciente al Sistema Intersectorial de Protección Social.
- Niña/o vulnerado en sus derechos, bajo protección del Servicio Nacional de Protección Especializada a la Niñez y Adolescencia.
- Niña/o vulnerado en sus derechos, en casa de acogida del Servicio Nacional de la Mujer y Equidad de Género (SernamEG).
- Niña/o vulnerado en sus derechos con Medida de Protección.
- Niña/o en situación irregular de inmigración o familia refugiada.
- Hija/o de madre, padre con el cuidado personal del niño/a, estudiante de Enseñanza Básica o Media, que se inscribe en una Sala Cuna Para que Estudie Contigo (PEC).
- Hermana/o de Párvulo matriculado en la Unidad Educativa en la cual se inscribe.
- Niña/o inscrito en Unidad Educativa con convenio de Universidad, cuyo adulto responsable estudie en dicha institución.
- Hija/o de funcionarias/os inscritos en la misma Unidad Educativa donde desempeña sus funciones, de Administración Directa o Vía Transferencia de Fondos.
Es correcto que los niños y niñas en situación migratoria irregular se encuentran dentro de la Prioridad N°1; sin embargo, no son los únicos: comparten ese nivel con otras ocho variables de igual relevancia. Por lo tanto, no existe una “preferencia exclusiva” para extranjeros, sino un conjunto de criterios de alta prioridad orientados a la vulnerabilidad, entre los cuales figura la situación migratoria.
En suma, la afirmación de Evelyn Matthei es engañosa, dado que extrapola uno de nueve criterios de la Prioridad N°1 y lo presenta como si se tratara de una preferencia general para extranjeros en el acceso a salas cuna y jardines infantiles.
Utilizamos el calificativo «engañoso» cuando los datos incluyen elementos de la realidad, pero están interpretados de tal manera que pueden inducir a engaño.
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