Durante el debate presidencial Archi realizado la mañana de este miércoles, Jeannette Jara afirmó que hoy existen 334 mil extranjeros irregulares en Chile y que, además de esa cifra, hay 182 mil extranjeros empadronados biométricamente.
La periodista Constanza Santa María refutó la declaración de la candidata, diciendo que los 182 mil inmigrantes empadronados forman parte del universo de los 334 mil extranjeros irregulares identificados en Chile; es decir, no corresponden a una cifra adicional, sino incluida dentro de ese total.
¿Quién dice lo correcto? Tras revisar las cifras oficiales, podemos decir que la afirmación entregada por la periodista de Mega tiene razón. La candidata Jeannette Jara incurre en un error cuando dice que son números aparte.
El último Informe de Resultados de la Estimación de Personas Extranjeras emitido por el Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas (INE), en conjunto con el Servicio Nacional de Migraciones (Sermig), define a las personas extranjeras como “aquellas que nacieron en el extranjero (según el Censo 2017) o que no tienen nacionalidad chilena (según registros administrativos – RRAA) y que son residentes habituales del país o declararon su intención de residencia en el país mediante un acto administrativo”.
Dicha intención de residencia –según indica el informe– puede haberse declarado a través de “la solicitud de un permiso de residencia o, considerando a las personas en situación irregular, mediante los registros de prórrogas de turismo vencido, empadronamiento biométrico y partes policiales registrados en Sermig”.
Con esto, el informe establece que el empadronamiento biométrico es uno de los métodos a través de los cuales se identificó a parte de la población migratoria irregular en Chile, por lo que el total de personas empadronadas forma parte del universo total de personas extranjeras registradas en el país.
Ahora bien, ¿cuál es el total de extranjeros irregulares en el país y cuántas personas fueron empadronadas biométricamente?
Según el mismo informe del INE y el Sermig, al 31 de diciembre de 2023 se registró un total de 1.918.583 personas extranjeras que residían habitualmente en Chile a nivel nacional. De ese total, 336.984 corresponden a personas extranjeras en situación irregular.
En cuanto a los empadronados, según el oficio N° 56.395 emitido por el Servicio Nacional de Migraciones (Sermig) al Senado, hasta el 28 de febrero de 2024 –fecha en que se cerró el proceso de empadronamiento biométrico– se registró un total de 182.119 personas empadronadas a nivel nacional.
Con todo, la afirmación de Jeannette Jara es falsa y, por tanto, lo dicho por Constanza Santa María es correcto: las 182 mil personas empadronadas sí están dentro de los casi 337 mil extranjeros en situación irregular en Chile; es decir, no corresponden a un conteo aparte.
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